Fig. 4

Results of 16S rRNA gene droplet digital PCR. Analysis revealed group differences in bacterial load per larvae (a). These differences correlate with behavior (b; p = 0.017, R2 = 0.11); CC = conventionally colonized; AC1 = axenic colonized on day 1; AX = axenic; AC1:DM1 = A. venetianus + V. metoecus + C. testosteroni + D. tsuruhatensis + A. veronii; AC1:DM2 = A. venetianus + C. testosteroni + D. tsuruhatensis + A. veronii