Fig. 2

Bayesian network between immune variables, metabolome and microbiome latent variables, and metadata variables bootstrapped 1,000 times to estimate the uncertainty of the edge’s strength and the direction of the network. Hexagons represent nodes and arrows represent edges. Edges showing presence in at least 600 of the 1,000 models (60% strength) are shown. Average model estimates were extracted to determine if the parent node was positively or negatively predicting the child node. Positive estimates are represented by red edges and negative estimates are represented by blue edges. Edge labels represent the strength of each edge. Sparse principal component analyses were performed for plasma and uterine metabolome latent variable identification. Plasma principal components (PCs) indicate plasma latent variables. Uterine PCs indicate uterine latent variables. Principal component analyses were performed on uterine Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas for latent variables identification. Microbiome PCs indicate the latent variables composed of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas. Information regarding each latent variable are shown surrounding the Bayesian network. Each pie chart and bar graph represent one latent variable. Colors represent the categories of metabolites, or different microbes, respectively. The center color on each pie chart represents the different timepoints. The “N =” on each pie chart represents the number of metabolites or microbes composing the respective latent variable. Bar graphs represent the top 5 most important metabolites explaining the variation of each latent variable. Percentages between parentheses represent the proportion of the variation in the respective component explained by the metabolite or microbe. Metabolites starting with “(-)” were negatively associated with their respective latent variable. Otherwise, metabolites were positively associated with the latent variable. Hexagons with green borders correspond to variables that differed between cows that developed metritis and cows that did not develop metritis. MET: methionine. PO: phosphate. Hp: hydroxy phenyl. ppBW: prepartum body weight. BW: body weight. PMN: polymorphonuclear cells. IFN-γ: interferon gamma. IL: interleukin. MHC2: major histocompatibility complex class 2. AA: amino acids. CHO: carbohydrates. Metr: metritis. Monocyte activation indicates an increase in cluster of differentiation (CD) 62 L. PMN activation indicates an increase in CD62L. B-cell activation indicates a decrease in CD62L